Apparatus for burning fuel oils



May 6, 1924. 1,493,019

C. E. CHAPMAN APPARATUS FOR BURNING FUEL OILS Filed May 11. 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 gwumr C E Chapman- May 6, 1924.

, C. E. CHAPMAN APPAEATUS lFon BURNING FUEL oILs 1923v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May ll.

` Ima/nto@ C E- GvuLpMaln.

Patented May 6, 1924.

unirsel sTaTss CHARLES E.. CHAPMAN, OIE FORT EDWARD, NEV YORK, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF 'lOk 1,493,019 PATENT orrlca.N

APPARATUS Foa BURNING runt, oiLs.

Application` filed May` 11,

T all whom tmay concern: i

yBe it known that I, CHARLES E. CHAP MAN, citizen of the United States, residing at Fort Edward, in the county of Washington and State of New York, fhave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Burning Fuel Oils, of which the following is a specification."

This invention relates to an improved apparatus for burning fuel oils, being particuarly designed for use in connection with stoves and heating furnaces, and seeks, yamong other objects, to provide a low vpressure apparatus which will operate under chimney draft.

The invention seeks, as a further object, to provide an apparatus which will be free from the usual troubles of fuel oil burners and wherein stoppage aswell as noises incident to gas pressure will be avoided.

The invention seeks, as another object, to provide an` apparatus wherein moisture, in vthe form of steam, `will be supplied to the fuel oil vapors for enhancing the combustibility of the resultant product.

And the invention seeks,jas a'still further object, to provide an apparatus which may be readily taken apart and cleaned of incrustations.

v Other and incidental objects will appear hereinafter.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view on'the line 1 1 of Figure 2, showing my improved apparatus in conjunction with a conventional furnace or stove fire-pot.

Figure 2 is a plan view, parts being broken away and illustrated in section, and

Figure 3 is a detail sectional view on the line 3 3 of Figure 1, looking in the direction of the arrows. f i

In carrying the invention into eect, I employ a draft plate which is formed to removably lit in the fire-pot of a stove or furnace, as conventionally illustrated at 11, `resting against the walls of the fire-pot in spaced parallel relation to the grate 12. The plate is formed with a central opening 13 and arranged below the plate is an annular distributing chamber 14. As brought out in Figure 1, this chamber is formed with con centric innerand outerside walls integrally connected by a flat bottom wall and closing the chamber at the top thereof is an annular removable burner plate A15 having fianges 16 1923. Serial No. 638,407.

frictionally engaging over the side walls of the chamber. Fixed to the burner plate is an annular series of spaced vertically disposed burner tubes 17 and formed in the plate to surround each of the tubes is an annular series of spaced burner openings 18.` The tubes. 17 are preferably of copper and extend downwardly within the distributing chamber 14 medially thereofv to closely approach the bottom wall of said chamber. Sustaining the chamber is ay suspension spider including arms 18 extending upwardly from the outer side wall of the chamber freely through the opening 13 of the draft plate 10 for centering thedistributing chamber with respect to said opening, and secured to the arms at their upper ends is a supporting ring 19 resting against the draft plate removably'suspending the chamber below the plate.

llfounted upon the distributing chamber 14 is a stand 20 comprising a flat `circular top plate from which extends a plurality of legs 2l and, as brought out in Figure 2,1these legs are notched at their llower outer corners to engage over the burner plate 15 at its inner circumference, centering the stand ywith respect to the distributing chamber. Resting upon thestand is a combined mixing chamber and gas generator 22 closed at its lower end by a removable bottom plate 23 having concentric flangesv 24 snugly receiving the lower margin of the wall of the chamber therebetween and interposed betweenl said v flangesis.` a packing 25 of asbestos or the like forming a sealed joint between the bottom plate and said wall. Fixed to the top 4wall of the chamber at its inner side is a depending center post 26 extending freely through the bottom plate 23 and through an opening 27. inthe top plate of the stand. Threaded upon the post at its lower end is a nut 28 clamping the bottom plate in positionupon the chamber and interposed between said nut and the plate is a preferably vasbestos gasket 29 forming a sealed joint between the post and saidplate. As will be observed, the nut 28 and gasket 29 are freely received within the opening 27.0f the top plate of the stand and, preferably, thevnut 28 is of bronze so that said nut will not stick or freeze upon the post. `Formed on or otherwise secured to the mixing chamber near its upper' end is -a downwardly extending outlet pipe 30 which is snugly but re-v lic movably received through a suitable opening in the burner plate of the distributing chamber 14 to project to a point near the bottom of the latter chamber, and fixed to the bottom plate 23 of themixing chamber is an upstanding perforated baiie plate 31 provided at its lower end, as particularly shown in Figure 2, with a flange 32 riveted or otherwise secured to said bottom plate. As will be observed, the bafile plate is arranged to extend transversely of the mixing chamber near the side thereof carrying the outlet pipe and is formed to snugly fit the walls of said chamber providing a perforated partition therein.

' Arranged at a slight elevation above the mixing chamber 22 is an oil supply tank 33 from which leads a pipe 34 entering the mixing chamber near the top thereof and at a point opposite the outlet pipe 30. As shown in Figure 2, the mixing chamber is provided with a boss 35 while the pipe is beveled, as `indicated at 36, to frictionally fit through said boss forming a slip joint connection between the pipe and the chamber. Mounted adjacent the oil supply tank 33 and at a similar elevation.r is a water supply tank 37. Leading from this tank is a pipe 38 in which is interposed a union 39. The pipe 38 is connected to the lower end of a steam generatorpreferably `in the form of a superh-eating coil 4() which rests upon the plate 19 encircling the mixing chamber in spaced concentric relation. At its upper end, the coil'is extended to form a pipe 41 connected to a valve casing 42 mounting a steam controlling needle valve 43 and leading from the valve casing is a pipe 44 communicating with the mixing chamber 22 at the top thereof near the discharge end of the pipe 34 and in a plane therewith, it being observed that the pipe 34 isbowed. as indicated at 45, to extendA at one side of the outer end of the pipe 44. At its inner end, the pipe 44 carries an elbow 46 von which is mounted a tapered nipple 47 and formed on the top wall of the mixing chamber is an annular boss 48 frictionally receiving the nipple therethrough to provide a slip oint connection between the pipe 44 and the mixing chamber. interposed in the pipe 34 above the plane of the valve casing 42 is a valve casing 49 mounting a fuel oil controlling needle valve 50 extending in parallel relation to the needle valve 43. Mounted on the needle valves 43 and 50 are like pinions 51 meshing with an idler pinion 52 connecting the valves to turn in unison, the pinion 52 being carried by an arm 53 extending from a collar 54 fixed upon the pipe 34 below the valve casing 49.

Arranged upon the grate 12 are lumps of asbestos 55 and in starting the apparatus l preferably pour fuel oil over the top of the mixing chamber 22, which oil will, as will Legame be seen, run down over said chamber onto the burner plate 15 and down between the legsv 21 of the stand 20 over the distributing chamber 14 onto the lumps of asbestos for saturating said lumps, while some of the oil will enter the distributing chamber through the burner openings 18. The sat urated asbestos lumps are then ignited, when the flame therefrom will rise kupwardly through the center of the distributing chamber as well as around said chamber for heating the chamber as well as upwardly over the mixing chamber for also heating that chamber as well as the coil 40. The oil in the distributing `chamber will accordingly be vaporized so that the fuel vapors thus generated will rise through the burner tubes 17 to be ignited at the upperends of said tubes as well asy also rise through the burner openings 18 to be ignited at the upper surface of the burner plate 15. The valves 43 and 50 are then opened for` admitting fuel oil to the mixing chamber and admitting water to the coil 40.

Attention is now directed 'to the fact that due to the presence of the draft plate 10, all of the heat generated will be caused to flow upwardly over and around the mixing chamber and through the coil 40 for heating said chamber and the coil. Accordingly, in operation, the fuel o-il entering the mixing chamber will be gasified while the water in the coil 40 will be converted into steam which, upon rising to the upper end of the coil, will be supe'rheated and then delivered into the upper end of the mixing chamber to become Ymixed with the fuel gas. The mixture so generated will then pass through the baffle 30 to be commingled thereby and forced downwardly through the out-let 30 under the pressure in the mixing chamber. Thus, as distinguished from an arrangement wherein the fuel gas generated would be permitted to rise` and would thus pass off quickly due to the light specific gravity of the gas, the discharge of gas from the mixing chamber inthe present arrangement will be relatively slow or, in -other words, will be retarded by the use of the downwardly directed outlet pipe for rthe mixing chamber and, in this connection, it is to be noted that the outlet pipe 30 extends between a pair of the burner tubes 17 and the groups of burner openings 18 associated therewith. Accordingly, the outlet pipe 30 will be.heated to a very high temperature by the flame issuing from said pair of tubes andsaid groups of openings, so that the mixture flowing downwardly'through the outlet pipe will be superheated in its passage. therethrough foi` delivery into the distributing chamber. Upon entering the distributing chamber, the superheated fuel gas will then rise through the burner tubes 17 and through lthe burner openings 18 to be ignited. The flame isioo suing from the burner tubes will serve to directly .heat the coil and the mixing chamber while the flame issuing from the burner openings will primarily serve to heat the burner tubes and by forming these tubes of copper, as indicated, the heat will be conducted by the walls of the tubes downwardly into the distributing chamber yfor superheating the fuel gas withinsaid chamber as well as the gas` conducted through the tubes. The tubes thus provide combined burner and superheating tubes. Combustion is regulated by regulating the draft of the stove or Jfurnace as well as by regulating the feed of fuel oil and since the fuel oil and water valves are coupled to turn in unison, the feed of fuel oil and water will be propo-rtionate for all settings of the fuel oil valve.

Attention is now directed to the fact that the free end of the pipe 34 and nipple 47 may be slipped Jfrom the upper end of the mixing chamber when said chamber may be lifted upwardly from the stand 20. The chamber may then, of course, be readily taken apart and cleaned. Similarly. by removing the stand 20, the burner plate l5 may be displaced from the distributing chamber 14 when the burner tubes 17 as well as said chamber may be readily cleaned. I accordingly provide an arrangement wherein the apparatus may be easily maintained to operate at maximum efliciency.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new is:

l. The combination with a mixing chamber, of means for supplying steam and oil thereto, the steam supply means forming a coil surrounding the. mixing chamber, a distributing chamber communicating with the mixing chamber, and burners projecting from the distributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and said coil.

2. The combination with a mixing chamber, of steam and oil pipes having a slip joint connection with said chamber, a distributing chamber suspended beneath the mixing chamber and removably supporting said mixing chamber, and burner tubes projecting from the distributing chamber and surrounding themixing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and said steam and oil pipes.

3. The combination with a mixing chamber, of means for supplying steam and oil thereto, a distributing chamber communicating with the mixing chamber, burner tubes projecting from the distributing chamber for heating said mixing chamber and steam supply, and a plate carrying said tubes and removably closing the distributing chamber.

4. The combination with a mixing chamber having an outlet, of means for supplying steam and oil to said chamber, a distributing chamber communicating with the outlet of the mixing chamber, a perforated partition in the mixing chamber Jforming a baille therein for the steam and Qilvapors flowing to said outlet, and burners carried by the distributing chamber for heating said chamber and the steam supply.

5. The combination with a. `heating device having a grate, of supporting ymeans disposed within said device above the grate, a distributing chamber removably suspended from said means over the grate, a mixing chamber removably supported vby the distributing chamber y and commimicating therewith, means for supplying steam and oil to the mixing chamber, and burners carried by the kdistributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and said steam supply.'

6. The combination with a heating device havinga grate, of a dra-:tt plate mounted in said device above the grate and provided with an opening, a distributing chamber having a spider extending through said opening suspending the chamber from the plate, a mixing chamber freely separable from the distributing chamber but supported by said distributing chamber to communicate therewith, vmeans for supplying steam and oil to the mixingchamber, and burners carried by the distributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and said steam supply. v

7. The ycombination with a distributing chamber, ofy a mixing. chamber communicat-ing therewith, a bottom plate lclosing the mixing chamber, means extending from within the mixing chamber through said plate, means upon `said first mentioned means exteriorly of .the mixing chamber removably securing the plate in position, means for supplying steam and oil to the mixing chamber, and burners carriediby the distributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and said steam supply.

8. The combination with a distributing chamber, of a mixing chamber, means seperably supporting the mixing chamber upon the distributing chamber to communicate therewith, a bottom plate closing the mixing chamber, a post extending from within the mixing chamber through said plate, a nut.' upon the post exteriorly of the mixing chamber removably securing the plate in position, means for supplying steam and Oil t0 the mixing chamber, and burners carried by the distributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and said steam supply.

9. The combination with a mixing chamber, of means' for supplying steam and oil thereto, a distributing chamber arranged beneath and communicating with the mixing chamber, a removable plate forming a closure for the top of the distributing chamber and freely separable therefrom, and burner tubes carried by the plate and surrounding the mixing chamber, said tubes being freely removable with the ing chamber. n

l0. The combination with a mixing chamber, of means for supplying steam and oil thereto, a distributing chamber arranged beneath and communicating with the mixing chamber, la plate forming" a closure for the top of the distributing chamber, and burner tubes carried by the plate for heating said mixing chamber and steam supply and projecting within the distributing chamber, there being burner openings surrounding each tube the. flames from which serve to superheat the gases in the upper ends of said tubes and the lower ends of the tubes by heat conductivity serving to superheat the gases within the distributing chamber.

l1. The combination with a mixing chamber, of means for supplying steam and oil thereto, a distributing chamber communicating with the mixing chamber, a removable plate from the distributplate forming a closure for the upper endof the distributing chamber and having burner openings therein, legs resting on the plate for retaining the plate in position thereon, and a plurality of burner tubes having their lower ends projecting within the distributing chamber and their upper ends surrounding the mixing chamb'er and subjected to the heat from the Vflames from the burner openings in the plate, said tubes by conductivity serving to `supe'rheat the gases within the distributing chamber.

l2. The combination with a distributing chamber, of a mixing' chamber arranged thereabove and discharging downwardly into the distributing chamber, means for 'supplying steam and oil to the mixing chamber, and burners carried by the distributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and said 'steam supply, the distributing chamber defining a passage for the rise of ai'r to's'afid burners.

13. In 'combination' wit-h an annular distributing chamber, of a mixing chamber arranged thereabove 'and provided with Aan outlet pipe discharging' `downi'va'rdly int-o the `distributing chamber, means for supplying steam and oil to said mixing chamber, and

burners upon the distributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber, said pipe and said steam supply, said annular distributing 'chamber dening a passage for the rise of airto said burners.

14. The combination with a combined generating' and mixing chamber, of a distributing chamber, means for 'downwardly directing the flow of gases from the generating and mixing' chamber tothe distributing chamber, and burner tubes communicating with the distributing chamber, said downwardly directing means being subjected to the direct action of the burner flames and acting as a superheater for the gases.

l5. The combination with a heating device, of a draft plate disposed there-in and provided with an opening, a distributing chamber suspended from the plate, a mixing chamber supported by the distributing chamber and means for supplying steam and oil to the mixing chamber, and burners carried by the distributing chamber for heating the mixing chamber and steam supply, said draft plate concentrating the ai'r draft through said heating device at said opening to act on the flame from the burner with an accelerated flow.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

CHARLES E. CHAPMAN. [n s] communicating therewith, 

